math
– mathematical functions¶
The math
module provides some basic mathematical functions for
working with floating-point numbers.
-
math.
e
:float¶ base of the natural logarithm
-
math.
pi
:float¶ the ratio of a circle’s circumference to its diameter
-
math.
acos
(x: float) → float¶ Return the inverse cosine of
x
.
-
math.
asin
(x: float) → float¶ Return the inverse sine of
x
.
-
math.
atan
(x: float) → float¶ Return the inverse tangent of
x
.
-
math.
atan2
(y: float, x: float) → float¶ Return the principal value of the inverse tangent of
y/x
.
-
math.
ceil
(x: float) → int¶ Return an integer, being
x
rounded towards positive infinity.
-
math.
copysign
(x: float, y: float) → float¶ Return
x
with the sign ofy
.
-
math.
cos
(x: float) → float¶ Return the cosine of
x
.
-
math.
degrees
(x: float) → float¶ Return radians
x
converted to degrees.
-
math.
exp
(x: float) → float¶ Return the exponential of
x
.
-
math.
fabs
(x: float) → float¶ Return the absolute value of
x
.
-
math.
floor
(x: float) → int¶ Return an integer, being
x
rounded towards negative infinity.
-
math.
fmod
(x: float, y: float) → int¶ Return the remainder of
x/y
.
-
math.
frexp
(x: float) → Tuple[int, int]¶ Decomposes a floating-point number into its mantissa and exponent. The returned value is the tuple
(m, e)
such thatx == m * 2**e
exactly. Ifx == 0
then the function returns(0.0, 0)
, otherwise the relation0.5 <= abs(m) < 1
holds.
-
math.
isfinite
(x: float) → bool¶ Return
True
ifx
is finite.
-
math.
isinf
(x: float) → bool¶ Return
True
ifx
is infinite.
-
math.
isnan
(x: float) → bool¶ Return
True
ifx
is not-a-number
-
math.
ldexp
(x: float, exp: float) → float¶ Return
x * (2**exp)
.
-
math.
modf
(x: float) → Tuple[float, float]¶ Return a tuple of two floats, being the fractional and integral parts of
x
. Both return values have the same sign asx
.
-
math.
pow
(x: float, y: float) → float¶ Returns
x
to the power ofy
.
-
math.
radians
(x: float) → float¶ Return degrees
x
converted to radians.
-
math.
sin
(x: float) → float¶ Return the sine of
x
.
-
math.
sqrt
(x: float) → float¶ Returns the square root of
x
.
-
math.
tan
(x: float) → float¶ Return the tangent of
x
.
-
math.
trunc
(x: float) → int¶ Return an integer, being
x
rounded towards 0.
-
math.
expm1
(x: float) → float¶ Return
exp(x) - 1
.
-
math.
log2
(x: float) → float¶ Return the base-2 logarithm of
x
.
-
math.
log10
(x: float) → float¶ Return the base-10 logarithm of
x
.
-
math.
cosh
(x: float) → float¶ Return the hyperbolic cosine of
x
.
-
math.
sinh
(x: float) → float¶ Return the hyperbolic sine of
x
.
-
math.
tanh
(x: float) → float¶ Return the hyperbolic tangent of
x
.
-
math.
acosh
(x: float) → float¶ Return the inverse hyperbolic cosine of
x
.
-
math.
asinh
(x: float) → float¶ Return the inverse hyperbolic sine of
x
.
-
math.
atanh
(x: float) → float¶ Return the inverse hyperbolic tangent of
x
.
-
math.
erf
(x: float) → float¶ Return the error function of
x
.
-
math.
erfc
(x: float) → float¶ Return the complementary error function of
x
.
-
math.
gamma
(x: float) → float¶ Return the gamma function of
x
.
-
math.
lgamma
(x: float) → float¶ Return the natural logarithm of the gamma function of
x
.